The prints and paintings in this exhibition date from the first decade of the nineteenth century until the conclusion of the Edo period. Included are works that demonstrate the range and quality of
In the nineteenth century ukiyo-e artists were organized into two main schools, the Katsushika and the Utagawa, but as the century progressed the fortunes of the Katsushika rose during the Tenpō period and then faded after the death of Katsushika Hokusai (1760–1849), their leader, in 1849. Hokusai and his students specialized in surimono and book illustration in the first decades of the nineteenth century. It was only in 1830, when faced with a family crisis, that the artist returned to commercial printmaking, with spectacular results. These works are represented here by the some of his more interesting prints from this period. The better organized Utagawa school came to dominate the field by the end of our purview. Their stock in trade were images of actors and beautiful women, but they also turned to other areas including landscapes, and illustrating classics of Japanese and Chinese poetry and literature, which were now simplified, annotated, and modernized by astute authors and their artist collaborators. Figures such as Genji, the “shining prince” of Murasaki Shikibu’s tenth century novel and poets such as the Heian courtier Ariwara no Yukihira, were reimagined in amusing, irreverent and inspiring ways. Chinese-inflected bird-and-flower prints also became popular, as did both Chinese and Japanese themes for warrior prints.
Landscapes are the crowning achievement of this era and are fully represented in this exhibition. Landscape prints were first published in the eighteenth century but in the early nineteenth century the market was stimulated by the emergence of a leisure travel industry centered on pilgrimages. Tours of far-off shrines and temples required expertise in how to navigate the problems that might be encountered on the way, which in turn created a flourishing market in travel guides describing post-stations, local beauty-spots, and other famous places. This literature not only gave artists such as Hokusai, Utagawa Hiroshige (1797–1858) and their peers a receptive market, it also provided them recondite local information and descriptions of topography that they could employ to enliven their designs. Patrons of the artists could enjoy escapist tourism vicariously, without the upheaval and discomfort that actual travel might incur. Landscapes never went out of fashion and could be repeatedly printed until the blocks wore out. Collectors are therefore cautioned to seek out only the finest impressions available.
Warbler Hidden in Flowering Plum Branches
Color woodblock print: shikishiban surimono,
8⅛ x 7¼ in. (20.6 x 18.4 cm); ca. 1818
Sealed: Shosadō (studio seal of Kubo Shunman)
Issued by the Yomogawa (Four Directions Group)
Poems signed: Gurendō and Kyōkadō (Yomo no Magao)
Ichikawa Danjūrō VII as Kamakura Gongen Kagemasa Bursting Through a Paper Screen
Color woodblock print: shikishiban surimono,
8¼ x 7¼ in. (20.6 x 17.8 cm); ca. 1818
Signed: Toyokuni ga
Housewife Shaving Her Eyebrows
Color woodblock print: ōban tate-e,
15⅝ x 10¼ in. (39.7 x 26.0 cm); ca. 1822−23
Series: Modern Style Makeup Mirrors (Imafu keshō kagami)
Signed: Gototei Kunisada ga
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Kinshūdō (Azumaya Daisuke)
Beauty Sharing a Pipe
Color woodblock print: ōban tate-e,
15½ x 10½ in. (39.4 x 26.7 cm); Bunsei era, ca. 1823
Series: Comparison of Fashionable Beauties of the Floating World (Ukiyo fuzoku bijo kurabe)
Signed: Keisai Eisen ga
Publisher: Jakurindō (Wakasaya Yōichi)
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Crabs at the Water’s Edge
Color woodblock print: shikishiban surimono,
8 x 7⅜ in. (20.3 x 18.7 cm); ca. 1830
Signed: Gakutei
Issued by the atsushika-ren (Katsushika Circle)
Poems signed: Shichidaime Sanshō (Ichikawa Danjūrō VII) and Bunbunsha (Bunbunsha Kanikomaru)
Provenance: Henri Vever (no seal)
Distant View of the Town of Koshigoe from the Seven League Beach
Color woodblock print with metallic pigments: shikishiban surimono,
8¼ x 7¼ in. (21 x 18.4 cm); 1829
Signed: Ro Iitsu shai (Drawn after nature by old man Iitsu)
Provenance: Toni Strauss-Negbaur; Ruth Nelkin
Fuji from Koishikawa in the Morning after Snow
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
10 x 14¾ in. (25.4 x 37.5 cm); ca. 1832
Series: Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (Fūgaku sanjūrokkei)
Signed: Saki no Hokusai Iitsu hitsu
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Eijudō (Nishimuraya Yohachi)
Laughing Demon
Color woodblock print: chūban tate-e,
10⅜ x 7½ in. (26.4 x 19.1 cm); ca. 1832
Series: One Hundred Ghost Tales (Hyaku monogatari)
Signed: Saki no Hokusai Iitsu hitsu
Publisher: Senkakudō (Tsuruya Kiemon)
Amida Waterfall in the Far Reaches of the Kiso Road
Color woodblock print: ōban tate-e,
15¼ x 10¼ in. (38.7 x 26 cm); ca. 1833
Series: A Tour of the Waterfalls in the Various Provinces (Shokoku taki meguri)
Signed: Saki no Hokusai Iitsu hitsu
Publisher: Eijudō (Nishimuraya Yohachi)
Kintai Bridge in Suō Province
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
10⅛ x 15⅛ in. (25.7 x 38.4 cm); ca. late 1833
Series: Remarkable Views of the Bridges in All Provinces (Shokoku meikyō kiran)
Signed: Saki no Hokusai Iitsu hitsu
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Eijudō (Nishimuraya Yohachi)
Untitled [Poet Du Fu]
Color woodblock print: nagaban tate-e,
20⅜ x 9 in. (51.8 x 22.9 cm); ca. 1833–34
Series: True Mirror of Chinese and Japanese Poems (Shiika shashinkyō)
Signed: Saki no Hokusai Iitsu hitsu
Publisher: Kinshindō (Moriya Jihei)
A Tipsy Courtesan from Tatsumi
Color woodblock print: aiban uchiwa-e,
9¼ x 11⅝ in. (23.5 x 29.5 cm); ca. 1830
Series: Three Fashionable Tipplers (Fūzoku san-nin namayoi)
Signed: Gototei Kunisada ga
The Wrestler Inazuma Raigorō
Color woodblock print: nagaban tate-e,
19⅞ x 9⅜ in. (50.5 x 23.8 cm); ca. 1833–35
Signed: Kōchōrō Kunisada ga (on the folding fan)
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Kinrindō (Moriya Jihei)
Evening Bell at Mii Temple
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
9 x 13⅞ in. (22.9 x 35.2 cm); ca. 1834–35
Series: Eight Views of Ōmi (Ōmi hakkei no uchi)
Signed: Hiroshige ga
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Hōeidō (Takenouchi Magohachi)
Provenance: Henri Vever; Ruth Nelkin
Flight of Swallows above a Branch of Crabapple
Color woodblock print: chūtanzaku,
14⅝ x 5⅛ in. (37.1 x 13 cm); early 1830s
Signed: Hiroshige hitsu
Sealed: Ichiryūsai
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Shōeidō (Kawaguchiya Shōzō)
Small Owl in a Pine Tree
Color woodblock print: chūtanzaku,
15⅛ x 5⅛ in. (38.4 x 13 cm)
Signed: Hiroshige hitsu
Sealed: Yūsai
Publisher: Shōeidō (Kawaguchiya Shōzō)
Poem signed: Hachijintei and sealed Noichi
Viewing Cherry Blossom at Mukōjima
Hanging scroll; ink, color, and gold pigment on silk,
43 x 17⅝ in. (109.2 x 44.8 cm); early Tenpō era, ca. 1830–35
Signed: Teisai
Sealed: Hokuba ga in
Provenance: Japan Ukiyo-e Museum, Matsumoto
Concert Party
Hanging scroll; ink, color, and gold pigments on silk,
22 x 30¾ in. (55.9 x 78.1 cm); ca. 1835–38
Signed: Kōchōrō Kunisada ga
Sealed: Shuzai san’un senseki kan (Taste resides in the spaces between mountains, clouds, springs, and rocks)
Red Carp and Wisteria
Color woodblock print: tanzaku-ban,
14⅞ x 5 in. (37.8 x 12.7 cm); ca. 1837
Signed: Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi ga
Sealed: Yanagi
Publisher: Tsujiokaya Bunsuke
Provenance: Raymond A. Bidwell Collection, Museum of Fine Arts, Springfield, MA
Black Carp
Color woodblock print: tanzaku-ban,
14¾ x 5 in. (37.5 x 12.7 cm); ca. 1837
Signed: Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi ga
Sealed: Ichiyūsai
Publisher: [Tsujiokaya Bunsuke]
[Monk Nichiren] In the Snow at Tsukahara, Sado Island
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
10⅛ x 15 in. (25.7 x 38.1 cm); Tenpō era, ca. 1835
Series: Concise Illustrated Biography of Monk Nichiren (Kōso go-ichidai ryakuzu)
Signed: Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi ga
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Kinjudō (Iseya Rihei)
Moonlight Outside the Yoshiwara
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
10⅜ x 15¼ in. (26.4 x 38.7 cm); Tenpō era, ca. 1835
Series: Famous Views of the Eastern Capital (Tōto meisho)
Signed: Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi ga
Censor’s seal: kiwame (approved)
Publisher: Seiseidō (Kagaya Kichiemon)
View of the Ommayagashi Embankment in the Eastern Capital
Color woodblock print: ōban yoko-e,
10½ x 15 in. (26.7 x 38.1 cm); ca. 1835
Untitled series of landscapes
Signed: Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi ga
Sealed: Toshidama
Publisher: Kinkōdō (Yamaguchiya Tōbei)
Morning Mist at Ochanomizu
Color woodblock print: aiban uchiwa-e,
8⅝ x 11⅜ in. (21.8 x 28.8 cm); 1839
Series: Famous Places of the Eastern Capital (Tōto meisho)
Signed: Hiroshige ga
Sealed: Ichiryūsai
Censor’s seal: aratame (certified) and date seal
Publisher: Kinseidō (Ibaya Kyūbei)
Ariwara no Yukihira and the Brine Maidens
Pair of hanging scrolls; ink and color on silk, with lacquer and gold pigment details, each 41 x 17 in. (104.1 x 43.2 cm); ca. 1848
Signed: Toyokuni hitsu
Sealed: Chōen Ikku (Wisp of smoke rising in the sky)
Storage box dated Kaei gannen shimotsuki (eleventh month, 1848) and inscribed Matsukaze sōfuku Toyokuni sha-i Sōshōin
Kinkizan on Enoshima Island in Sagami Province
Color woodblock print: aiban yoko-e uchiwa-e,
8⅞ x 11½ in. (22.5 x 29.2 cm); 2/1855
Untitled series of famous places in Sagami Province
Signed: Hiroshige ga
Sealed: aratame (certified) and date seal
Publisher: Enjudō (Maruya Jinpachi)
Sudden Shower over Ōhashi Bridge and Atake
Color woodblock print: ōban tate-e,
14¼ x 9⅝ in. (36.2 x 24.4 cm); 9/1857
Series: One Hundred Views of Famous Places in Edo (Meisho Edo hyakkei)
Signed: Hiroshige ga
Censor’s seal: aratame (certified) and date seal
Publisher: Uoya Eikichi
Fuji from the Sea off Satta in Suruga
Color woodblock print: ōban tate-e,
14⅛ x 9⅜ in. (35.9 x 23.8 cm); 4/1858
Series: Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji (Fuji sanjūrokkei)
Signed: Hiroshige ga
Censor’s seal: Horse 4
Publisher: Kōeidō (Tsutaya Kichizō)